A Turn of the Screw Response Paper Essay Example

A Turn of the Screw Response Paper Essay Example A Turn of the Screw Response Paper Essay A Turn of the Screw Response Paper Essay Essay Topic: Literature Being a non-believer in ghosts myself I fall into the critical camp of the ghosts being figments of the narrators imagination in A Turn of the Screw. I base this critical perspective in the fact that the ghosts were selectively seen by her and that her creation of this ghostly psychosis could be rooted to her fear of inadequacy in tending for the children. The beginning of the actual story creates a narrative voice that may be firm but is also easily convinced to take a job she is unqualified for and is unsure of due to the charms of the Master of Bly and his willingness to take anyone for the job who is willing and attractive. She was young, untried, nervous: it was a vision of serious duties and little company, of great loneliness on a second interview she faced the music, she engaged (121). On top of all this there is seedy history in the Bly house; the last governess is dead and so is Quint, the masters handy man, and the two of them were having an infamous affair (152). Oh of their rank, their condition She was a lady And he so dreadfully below Ive never seen one like him. He did what he wished, as Mrs. Grose described the affair (152). As the story is slowly unfolded to the narrator by Mrs. Grose, it turns out that Miss Jessel died mysterious while on leave and Quint likewise speciously found dead on the side road. Of course being of lower ranks and risking the possibility of shame on the house, none of the servants speak openly of this tragic happening. But this is not the only circumstance of controversy that arises while she is the charge of Bly. In taking this charge she of course is faced with her first decision when she receives information of Miles expulsion from school. With Mrs. Grose speaking so highly of Miles, the narrator is unsure of how to approach this information. As we later find out, Miles was expelled for talking dirty to the ladies. Well-I said things t was only to-I dont remember their names only a few. Those I liked they must have repeated them. To those they liked it was too bad (216-7). When considering Miles male role models, Quint and in brief periods his uncle, no wonder he likes to talk dirty to girls. Quint was having a roll in the hay with the previous governess and his uncle is a notorious bachelor who only hires attractive governesses. The narrator is confronted with the contradictive impression she is given of Miles by Mrs. Grose versus the information of the childs expulsion. Rather than logically getting as much more information as possible by asking the school what he did to deserve the expulsion the narrator goes to Mrs. Grose for advice. She has been instructed to never disturb the Master with any issues but doesnt have the experience to know how to deal with them. Mrs. Grose being of lower rank, making it hard for her to speak ill of the children, and having a lack of education herself believes in the childs innocence. She believes this even though she hasnt seen him for some time and is in charge of Flora and not him. So she feels she is too low in rank to say anything bad about the kid, and doesnt know him well enough to say anything of substance anyway. Mrs. Grose is like the little ignorant grandmother who thinks these kids can do no wrong. And beyond that what kid, who just got expelled for talking dirty, would march home and bring it up to his new governess? Miles is ten-years-old, he doesnt want to get in trouble, but he is also a spoiled little boy who has no formal guardians having lost his father and grandparents, lost his one (bad) male role model, has an uncle who wants nothing to do with him, and is taken care by a rotation of governesses. How normal could this kid be? So he acts out. He goes out of the house late one night and has his sister wake up the governess to figuratively give her the finger. When I am bad I am bad, Miles says when he is discovered by the narrator (169). Then when he tries to be sent back to school he tries to threaten the narrator by tattling on her to his uncle. He doesnt want to be told what to do: being cute and nice hasnt gotten him what he wants, being bad hasnt either, now he is going to threaten. The narrator is left with a lack of information and is forced to fill in the blanks herself. When Mrs. Grose is gradually telling the story of Quint and Miss Jessel, each time the narrator gets another detail it makes the story worse. This creates the paranoia in the narrator the not having information means all that is unsaid must be because it is bad, not because she is dealing with children and people who are lower in rank than her and dont feel able to speak liberally to her about seedy matters. When she decides that the children are conspiring with the ghosts, she suddenly begins to see that they are misbehaving. Suddenly anything they do that is bad is associated with ghostly circumstances: Flora stealing the boat and going on the lake, Miles sneaking out, Miles sassing her in the graveyard, et al. All of these circumstances come with a ghostly sighting. There are two times I believe the narrator may have actually seen someone and not just imagined it. The first two sightings of Quint, I believe she actually saw a peeping Tom or the like. It is strange how being new to the town and very secluded that the narrator is absolutely positive that the man she sees couldnt possibly be anyone from the town or anywhere else. I caught at a dozen possibilities, none of which made a difference for the better, that I could see, in there having been in the house-and for how long, above all? -a person of whom I was in ignorance (134). She must not be doing her job well if there is someone in the house that she doesnt know. This is where the cycle starts. If she fails and she cant take care of these children, it is her fault and her fault only. The only problem is that rather than creating a normal scapegoat, she goes batty and decides the children are possessed by the trampy governess and handyman. Rather than figuring out who this guy is she doesnt tell anyone about him. Then when she sees him again the only person she tells is Mrs. Grose, the uneducated and lower ranking housemaid. From the briefest description Mrs. Grose connects this man that the narrator has seen ever so logically (sarcasm) to a dead guy. Then the governess of course makes the logical leap that Quint was looking for Miles and she must protect Miles against this evil spirit. So not only has she created this paranoid, scapegoat of a delusion, she has also given herself a mission to protect, something she apparent things sh knows how to do. When the first sighting of the woman happens, the narrator has already decided that something creepy is going on and like her first sighting of Quint, it is from a great distance and she decides, based on no evidence, that this woman is the old governess. On top of this she claims that Flora is hiding the sighting of this woman from, it couldnt possibly be that the woman wasnt or that Flora didnt see anyone there at all. She makes this same claim when Flora is discovered after sneaking out and taking the boat. Even though Flora makes no clear gesture, acknowledgement, or even look towards the woman that the narrator sees on the other side of the lake, the narrator believes this is because Flora is hiding something. This cycles back to the lack of information the narrator started with when she first took the job, rather than having to fill in the rest of the story, she is now choosing to fill in the story herself. She is looking for evidence and finding it; she is fulfilling the plot line in her head by seeing specious activity in the children. Rather than taking this as a sign that the children are acting like normal children; it must mean they are possessed by these ghosts, because they couldnt possibly act out and misbehave under her care. When Flora is discovered at the lake the narrator claims that she gives her a look that says, Ill be hanged if Ill speak, but the girl doesnt actually say this, it is all in the narrators head (196). When the children are walking around with Miles reading to Flora the narrator claims, Hes not reading to her, theyre talking of them-theyre talking of horrors, again, she hasnt actually heard them, but is fulfilling the crazy story in her head. The fact of the matter is he may just be teaching her to talk dirty, since he is such a foul-mouth, and thus why they are keeping away from the adults and not speaking loudly. Then when Flora is sick, which she could have merely gotten sick from being outside without proper attire, which was pointed out numerous times, she says some of the bad words her brother could have taught her to Mrs. Grose who reports back to the narrator. From that child-horrors! There! On my honour, Miss, she says things-! But the narrator never finds out what the girl said. She makes sure that it was bad and about herself, and places it in the plot line (204). It so justifies me! she says in response (204). But, not only does this mean that she is justified in her claims of the children being possessed (because children of course never say bad words unless being possessed), it also could justify her if the children try to claim that she didnt take care of them properly. Flora speaking vulgarly of her could be used by the narrator to say that the children merely didnt like her and were out to get her. Now the final scene, from the narrators diluted perspective, it is her saving poor Miles from this evil possession. Now, from the perspective of a ten-year-old boy, it is no wonder he died of fright. Miles is confronted after having his sister sent away by his governess. He confesses to stealing the letter and then is accused of stealing at school. He looks out the window in embarrassment because he has to then confess that it wasnt stealing but for speaking so extremely vulgarly to girls he liked that he was expelled. Stuff and nonsense! claims the narrator to this confession, because it doesnt fit into her crazed plot line (216). She asks him what he said and he of course is too embarrassed to tell her. The governess looks out the window in a deranged manner. That morning at breakfast with his sister I am sure shared with him the shock of the governess claiming to see Miss Jessel across the lake from her. Miles in response to the governess screaming at someone out the window that is not there asks, Is she here? (217). His governess yells that she sees Miss Jessel and then that its not Miss Jessel but someone else: Quint, the man that the boy adored and who by his knowledge is dead. But he had already jerked straight round, stared, glared again, and seen but the quiet day the grasp with which I recovered him might have been that of catching him in his fall We were alone with the quiet day and his little heart, dispossessed, had stopped (217). There is nothing there, no one else sees, not Mrs. Grose or Flora at the lake, nor Miles when tragically confronted with the idea that a dead man is standing him. All that is seen is the quiet day (217).

Contract Law (Introduction to Business Law) Essay

Contract Law (Introduction to Business Law) - Essay Example s to contract on certain terms, made with the intention that it shall become binding as soon as it is accepted by the person to whom it is addressed, the â€Å"offeree.3† The â€Å"expression4† may take different forms. The intention element is an objective consideration and the case of Smith v Hughes 5emphasised the relevant consideration as being a focus on how a reasonable person would view the situation. Seddon et al further assert that the â€Å"test for existence and the scope for an agreement is that of an objective manner. When a test is objective, it takes account of what the parties actually did say in order to make an offer and agreement6†. Moreover, in the case of Storer v Manchester City Council7 it was asserted by Lord Denning that â€Å"a man cannot get out of a contract by saying: I did not intend to contract† if by his words he has done so†8. Furthermore, in the case of Acme Grain Co. v Wenaus 9it was asserted: â€Å"to constitute a contract, there must be an offer by one person to another and an acceptance of that offer by the person to whom it is made. A mere statement of a person’s intention or a declaration of his willingness to enter into negotiations is not an offer and cannot be accepted so as to form a valid contract10†. Additionally, the law distinguishes between an offer and an invitation to treat, which is not an offer but an indication of willingness to negotiate a contract11. For example, in the case of Gibson v Manchester City Council12, the words â€Å"may be prepared to sell† constituted an invitation to treat and not a distinct offer. Indeed, the Gibson decision challenged the traditional view for formation of contractual agreement. In this case, Lord Denning asserted that when considering whether there is a binding contractual agreement, it could be argued that: â€Å"there is no need to look for strict offer and acceptance. You should look at the correspondence as a whole and at the conduct of the parties and see therefore

Building Performance Management through Employee Participation Essay - 3

Building Performance Management through Employee Participation - Essay Example Workers should be granted the chance to give their views and amendments be made as fast as possible to avoid poor job performance. According to JM experience, employees play a major role in company management. This is because they are the ones to be governed and must choose the management system suitable for them and the company (Grote, 23). There are certain parts of the performance management system that cannot be changed by employees no matter the claims. These unchangeable sections of the system also govern the employer and company activities. According to JM company, employees are part of the company management system and should be involved in any decision-making. In any organization, the management committee or board members must always consider the employee view or feedback before establishing performance management system. This should be done to protect employee rights and freedom. Actually, an employee should always have a conducive environment to attend to his or her job positively. The kind of performance management systems to be established should be employee friendly. Another way of making improvements in this type of system is employee motivation. This should be present in the system to enhance quality in employee performance. In most cases, the motivation is done through rewards . In the process of employee assessment, the hardworking should get a reward as tokens of their hard work while those who are found average should be advised accordingly (Rao, 16). Through rewards, employees will be dedicated to their work with the aim of being a reward winner. Companies that come up with a new performance management may face a lot of challenges linked to employee job performance. When they are forced into the rules and regulations of the new management system, they may find it very difficult to adapt hence have negative attitudes towards their jobs. This can in turn

Study On Computer Input And Output Devices

Study On Computer Input And Output Devices The history of ergonomics is start from Greece. The meaning of ergonomics come from Greek words ergon [work] and nomos [natural laws] and first entered the modern lexicon when Wojciech JastrzÄâ„ ¢bowski used the word in his 1857 article Rys ergonomji czyli nauki o pracy, opartej na prawdach poczerpniÄâ„ ¢tych z Nauki Przyrody (The Outline of Ergonomics, i.e. Science of Work, Based on the Truths Taken from the Natural Science). Ergonomics is the science of fitting workplace conditions and job demands to the capabilities of the working population. It can effective and successful to give user adaptation and guarantee for high productivity ,and avoid the illness or injury risk. Even more ,it increase the satisfaction of labor force. To assess the Ergonomics devices can suitable for user it depend on the devices size, shape, and how appropriate it is for the task. Besides that, Ergonomics draws on many disciplines in its study of humans and their environments, including anthropometry, biomechanics, mechanical engineering, industrial engineering, industrial design, kinesiology, physiology and psychology. Ergonomics also include 3 types. Physical ergonomics: Human anatomy, anthropometry, physiology and biomechanical characteristics as they relate to physical activity. And how the physical environment around you may affect your performance or understanding of the environment, the impact on people in these areas, especially the harmful effects. Then you can design one that will not damage their environment, they may even enjoy the experience Cognitive ergonomics: concern about mental process like perception, memory, reasoning and motor response , Because they affect interactions among humans and system interaction of other factors. Organizational ergonomics: is trying to organise people and the work to best effect. 3.0 Input devices Input devices is any peripheral equipment (computer hardware chip), data and control signals used to provide an information processing system (such as computer). 3.1 Mouse A mouse is a pointing device that functions by detecting two-dimensional movement relative to its supporting surface. Let user to control their personal computer. The first mouse is design by Engelbart in 1963,with the assistance of his colleague Bill English. The first mouse is heavy and big, used two gear-wheels perpendicular to each other: the rotation of each wheel translated into motion along one axis. Before, the ergonomic mouse designed have a old type of mouse named mechanical mice. It use a single ball that could rotate in any direction. But due to the ball touching the other surface ,to make the mouse work, the dust of the surface will stick with ball. After the ergonomic mouse is design, the disadvantage of the mechanical mice will be improve. Ergonomic have many type, such as the mouse using wireless or Bluetooth connect to computer named wireless mouse. So ,this kind of mouse is portable as long as it use inside the range with computer. Besides that, there is a 3D mouse. The method of using this mouse by push, pull, twist or tilt to simultaneously pan, zoom and rotate. So ,this kind of mouse is difference from other mouse. Other than that, there is a mouse is design for gamming ,because this kind of mouse has shortcut key. So, user can use the shortcut key to perform the action inside computer faster. Lastly, design of the sharp for mouse also important in ergonomic mouse. This is because, The sharp of mouse can let user shoulder or the muscle of hand reduce tension and comfortable to grip it. So ,The mouse can reduce the working disease like injury the muscle. 3.2 Keyboard Keyboard, typewriter keyboard, which uses the button or key arrangement, as a lever mechanical or electronic switch. After punch cards, paper tape through fax-type keyboard, interactive computer into the main input device. There is many type of keyboard can use in our life. They are Chorded keyboard ,Software keyboard ,Foldable keyboard ,Laser keyboard ,Optical keyboard technology. Chorded keyboard: Although other associated with a keyboard and keyboard chorded key combination and correlation of each key action, action. Because it use many combination available so can effectively produce more action on a board with fewer keys. Software keyboard: It is a software but display on the screen of the devices. Nowdays ,software keyboard is popular and normally can found inside of the touchscreen phone. Foldable keyboard: Folding (also known as flexible) is made of soft plastic or silicone keyboard can be rolled up or folded travel itself. [2] In use, the keyboard can meet these uneven surfaces, and more resistant to the liquid than the standard keyboard. These can also be connected to portable devices and smart phones. Some models can be completely immersed in water, so that they received in hospitals and laboratories, as they can be disinfected. Laser keyboard: Projection keyboard projects the image of a key, usually with a laser, to a flat surface. The device then use the camera or infrared sensor to monitor, the users finger moves, and will be counted as being pressed, the see the users finger to touch the projected image of the key. Projection keyboard can simulate from a very small projector full-size keyboard. Because the key is only projected images, they can not be considered when pressed. Projected increase in keyboard users often experience discomfort due to lack of their own fingers to when typing. Flat, reflective surfaces do not need to be projected onto the key . most of the projection makes use of the keyboard and PDA, because of its small size. Optical keyboard: This kind of keyboard that can help user neck and shoulders less tension when using it. Or the keyboard can move able ,connect by Bluetooth or wireless to computer. 3.3 Touchpad Touchpad pointing device is a special surface can translate the users finger motion and position in the relative position on the screen composition. They are a common feature of the notebook can also be used as a computer mouse in the desktop space is limited alternatives. Touchpad vary in size , but few make over forty 40 square centimeters (6.3 x 6.3 cm or about 6 inch ²). Touchpad is probably the most common form of tactile sensors. Touchpad is mainly used in a separate laptop, do not need the machine near the surface. Touch pad near the keyboard, only a very short finger movements is the need to move the cursor on the display screen, while beneficial, it also makes it possible for the users thumb moves the mouse cursor when typing accident. Feature is the touchpad on the desktop computer keyboard with the existing built-in touchpad. Touchpad can help reduce the tension of finger ,hand and shoulder. Using it also comfortable. It also consist of mouse function like right and left click ,scroll down or up. 4.0 Output devices Output device is a computer hardware device for communication with any part of the results of data processing information processing system (such as a computer) to the outside world. 4.1 Monitor Monitor is a computer display and related parts packaged in a physical unit that is separate from other parts of the computer. Monitor concern physical ergonomics side is about the height of monitor ,distance Between eye to monitor ,the monitor effect to body and the monitor setting. Normal monitor easy make our neck ,upper back and eye feel tired easily. Ergonomics monitor can help our neck ,upper back and eye reduce the tiredness. this is because ergonomics monitor can change the height ,setting and distance. Monitor distance should located directly in front of the user where the positioned to view monitor. The distance between eye to the monitor screen at less need around 17-20inch away. But if using a small monitor can located it closed a bit. If using a big monitor need to locate little farther away. Monitor setting can change the monitor resolution ,contrast and brightness. As the result, The setting can help user to view the monitor more clearly ,it also help user to reduce eye tiredness. Monitor height is important ,because it can prevent our neck and upper back muscle reduce tension. To determine the correct monitor height ,first sit infront of monitor and then close eyes and make the position of head and body in a neutral and comfortable position ,spine need be straight .After that open eye and note the point where your vision ,that is the correct monitor height. Monitor concern organizational ergonomics side is improve the monitor light weight ,reduce electric comsumption and the speed of display. CRT(cathode ray tube) is the 1st type of monitor. It has high dynamic range ,good colour ,wide gamut and low black level. It can also display natively in any resolution and refresh rate. However, CRT weight is too heavy and big size so now has less people using it. LCD(liquid crystals display) is come after the CRT. LCD is compact ,light weight ,low electric comsumption and no geometric. But ,LCD has a limited viewing angle and slow response times. So ,LCD is suitable for 1 person to view the monitor. Plasma is the lastest design for display. It mostly overcome the problem from CRT and LCD like high speed response ,viewing angle. Plasma same as LCD as compact and light weight ,so it easy to carry. However ,plasma is still facing the input lag problem. 4.2 Earphone Earphones are a pair of small speakers, or less see a speaker, has held close to the users ears, and connection methods, such as audio amplifier, radio or CD player to a method of source Type of earphone The special needs of the listener determines the choice of headphones. Should be noted that the portability of smaller, lighter headset, but it may mean a compromise in Fidelity. Hi-fi headphones as part of a family does not have the same design constraints can be larger and heavier. In general, the shape of the headset can be divided into four different categories: circumaural, supra-aural, earbud, and in-ear. Circumaural: Circumaural headphones (sometimes called full-size headphones) are round or oval-shaped ear pads, which should include the ears. Since these headphones completely surrounded ear, circumaural headphones can be designed completely sealed to prevent the head of any less intrusive external noise. Because of their size, circumaural headphones re, there are some units weighing more than 500 grams. Headband and ear pads requirements designed to reduce the discomfort caused by the weight. Supra-aural: Supra-aural pad sitting on top of the ear headphones, rather than around them. They are usually bundled with personal stereos in the 80s. This type of headphones, generally tend to be smaller and lighter than circumaural headphones, which reduce the external noise attenuation. Earbud: They are a smaller size, directly on the outside of the ear headphones, but it is not completely surrounded. They are generally inexpensive, is its portability and convenience of all ages. Since they can not provide any information they often use high-volume to cover up the environment from the user, thus increasing the risk of hearing loss noise. [2] 90 in the 20th century and 2000s, earbuds became a common type bundled with personal music device isolation. In-ear: Sometime it called as canalphones ,this kind of earphone are inserted directly into ear canal. It similar like earbuds,it portable and act as earplugs to block out environment sound. There are two main types of ear: General and customization. General canalphones provide one or more stock sleeve size (S) to fit various ear canal, which is commonly made of silicone rubber, elastomer, or foam noise isolation. Custom canalphones is installed on everyones ears. Ear tubes used in the manufacture castings made and create a custom casting silicone rubber or elastomer, to provide additional comfort and noise isolation plug. As it involves personal labor, custom ear than in the general ear and very low resale value, because they are less expensive and may be suitable for others. However ,the design of the earphones sharp or the music quality also important. This is because, different user has different needed. Example ,the user need the bass boots earphone so that they can listen the music more bass. In addition, for spot user the earphone can hang at ears and not easy to drop down ,so that user can enjoy the music and no need worry about the earphone drop down. 4.3 Printer Printer is peripheral which produces hard copy (permanent human-readable text and / or graphics) files stored in electronic form, usually paper or transparencies, such as physical print media, documents. Many printer is mainly used for local peripheral devices, and a printer via a cable connection, or in most newer printers, the computers USB cable to connect to it as a file source. Some printers, commonly known as a network printer with a built-in network interface, usually wireless and / or Ethernet-based, and can be used as any user on the network hard-copy devices. The following printing technologies are routinely found in modern printers: Toner-based/Laser printers: This kind of printer rapidly produces high quality text and graphics. As digital copiers and multifunction printers (MFP), laser printer uses electrostatic printing process, but the difference is that the image is made up of a printers photoreceptor cells across the laser beam directly scan analog copiers. Liquid inkjet printers: Inkjet printers operate by propelling variably-sized droplets of liquid or molten material (ink) onto almost any sized page. They are the most common type of computer printer used by consumers. Dye-sublimation printers: A dye sublimation printer (or dye sub printer) is a printer using a thermal transfer printing process using a plastic card, paper or canvas media such as dyes. This process is usually used to lay in a color panel ribbon, once a color. Dye sub printer is mainly used for high-quality color applications, including color photography and text suitable for the disadvantaged. Once the high-end print shops, dye-sublimation printer provincial consumers increasingly are used to dedicated photo printer. Inkless printers: There is two type of inkless printer. They are Thermal printers and UV printers. The work of selective heating thermal printer thermal sensitive paper of special areas. Black and white thermal printer for cash registers, ATM machines, gasoline and some old cheap fax machine. Color can be achieved with special paper, different temperatures and heating rates of different colors. One example is the Zink technology. Xerox is developing a inkless printer will use a special reusable paper, chemicals, UV-sensitive coating of several microns. The printer will use a special UV light bar will be able to write and erase the paper. As of early 2007, the technology is still in development and the printed page can only be maintained between 16-24 hours before fading text. 5.0 Conclusion: In this era ,the devices already improve by the time. So human can enjoy and get more benefit from the new design of devices. So ,ergonomic devices is important that can make our life more good. However ,we must rest around every 30min while using computer ,and also while rest can do some office exercise. This can maintain our body blood flowing.

The Heroism of Dying for Ones Country in Poetry Essay -- William Shak

The Heroism of Dying for One's Country in Poetry The Volunteer is a Pro-War poem written by Herbert Asquith. Asquith uses roman imagery to invoke a feeling of greatness and honour. Asquith begins his poem by describing the miserable, mundane life of a clerk, working in a 'city grey'. He opens with the words 'Here lies' that are normally used to begin writing on a gravestone. This 'epitaph' - style opening gives the idea that the clerk has now passed away and the poem will concentrate on events beforehand. We are told the clerk has spent 'half his life' doing boring work ('..Toiling at ledgers..'), his days drifting away. There is a distinct lack of fulfilment in his life, '..With no lance broken in life's tournament' ('Lance' is roman imagery) And yet he dreams of '..The gleaming eagles of the legions..' and horsemen '..thundering past beneath the oriflamme..' (or battle flag.) Asquith cleverly uses the expression '..The gleaming eagles of the legions..' to conjure up ideas in the reader's mind of great gleaming roman soldiers. This adds to the ideology that war is a glamorous and noble thing. In his second stanza, Asquith tells us that '..those waiting dreams are satisfied..' Obviously, the clerk has joined the army. He talks of '..waiting dreams..' giving the impression that the clerk has dreamt of this for a very long time. He goes on to say '..From twilight to the halls of dawn he went..' I think what he means is that the clerk has gone from his dull city to a new, brighter beginning. And although he died he is happy. '..His lance is broken but he lies content..' Because in that 'high hour in which he lived and died' he achieved something he had dreamt of forever. Asquith also mentions that the ... ...er uses images of death and an epitaph style opening to convey the message of a valiant death. I don't think that making the reader think of death will inspire him or her to fight for their country at all. Dulce est Decorum Est is the most effective poem of the three. It's usage of vivid and horrific imagery could make any patriotic citizen think again before going to war. The structure of the poem is extremely well thought out because it begins to get extremely shocking in the final stanza, almost certainly making the reader sway away from the honourable image he or she had of war before reading. It then finishes with labelling Dulce et decorum est Pro patria mori a lie. This is intelligent because the reader is at his most easily influenced after reading the horrific description in the final stanza and therefore is more likely to agree with this point.

Up-to-date Mobile Phones

? The use of mobiles or cell phones in educational institutions, specifically among universities, has caused many arguments in the society. One part of society has supported the use of cell phones in universities; the other part has opposed their use bitterly during in universities. Students should not be allowed to use mobile phones in university because they misuse them, cause distraction and limit learning.First of all, students should not use cell phones in universities because they cause disruptions during class time. For instance, some student in class may have a loud, funny ringtone that interrupt learning whenever a student receives a call or SMS. This happens as some students forget to switch off their phones and, as a result, they make a lot of noise during class time that eventually disorders the learning process because it will make students forget a part of the lesson that is so important to them.Secondly, mobile phones should not be used in universities and other instit utions of learning because the students can misuse it. Despite the fact that the up-to-date mobile phones are well equipped with other additional features like email, radio, Bluetooth and cameras, students have tended to abuse them through cyber bullying whereby they hurl insults and write vulgarity to harm other students through social platforms like Facebook and twitter.Another reason why mobile phones should never be accepted in universities is the fact that their use has been known to deter the remembering of learned knowledge by the students. It has been recognized that some students have become addicted to the use of mobile phones to the extent that their rate of knowledge retention is too low because of minds that are preoccupied with social media platforms such as Facebook, Twitter and Instagram.The use of mobile phones by students in universities should be banned altogether since their use has been associated with exam cheating thus gaining an unfair advantage over their pe ers. In conclusion, given the compelling evidence and the undeniable negative results regarding the use of mobile phones by students within university grounds, government legislators should support the ban on mobile phones.This is because while the gadgets were meant to aid communication between different people in different circumstances, the students have continued to use them negatively thus bringing lots of harm on each other. Some people said that cell phones should not be prohibited on campus because it helps students in studying times. For example, it can be used for a quick search for information rather than wasting time to open the computer. They also said that cell phones can be used to translate words. This is true but the majority of students tend to use it in a bad way

Conflict of Light vs Dark in Star Wars - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1855 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2019/08/16 Category Cinematographic Art Essay Level High school Tags: Star Wars Essay Did you like this example? Star Wars represents a simplistic view of the conflict of light versus dark. The black and white morality with good guys, such as Luke and Leia wearing bright fair colors, while the villains, such as Vader wearing all black, are the first visual color motifs and cues that the Star Wars films rely on (Campbell). Color motifs predate the Star Wars films, however; the white hats versus black hats is one of the basic forms of fictional morality that visual storytellers have used since early Western films (Budd). Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Conflict of Light vs Dark in Star Wars" essay for you Create order These are cues that visual storytellers have relied on to trigger an immediate response from the viewer. However, there are other less obvious cinematic cues and techniques that will be examined that also are used to support the black and white morality. Using a scene provided from The Empire Strikes Back, an explanation will be presented of how the theme of conflict of good versus evil is expressed visually through mise en scene, visual structure, sound, lighting and contrast. This will provide an understanding of the ways in which certain visual elements have been arranged and function within the films composition, and present the classic struggle of light versus dark at its most basic level. In the showdown between hero and shadow, Luke is represented as the shining knight of destiny, while Vader is represented as a card-carrying villain. (Henderson) Both characters are contrasted in simplistic opposites in every respect. It is how all the formal elements are edited that ultimately present the classic struggle of good versus evil. Heroes are faced with choices that are either all right or all wrong. The choices and actions presented tell us that there are no real shades of grey.   Lucas decided, early on in his career that the editor was in control. His early influences stressed the importance of cutting to the creation of meaning (Brooker 47). For the climatic sequence between Vader and Luke in Empire, how the scene is presented is just as important as to what is being filmed. For this scene, there is more emphasis on the self-contained sequence of images to create a feeling rather than heavy exposition. We focused a lot on filmic expression, film grammar. I was not into storytelling. I was trying to create emotions though pure cinematic techniques (Brooker 47). A brief shot by shot analysis of those elements will reveal the simplicity of the black and white morality. The Empire Strikes Back is noticeably darker in tone than its predecessor. This is achieved because of the readability of the graphic storytelling, shot flow and low-key lighting.   This climatic showdown scene between Luke and Vader is the heart of The Empire Strikes Back. Luke, inexperienced in the ways of the Force and hopelessly outmatched, fails while confronting one of his most difficult challenges. The lighting, backgrounds, layout, sound, editing and shot sizes all support the story and stage the characters accordingly. The audience is always aware of where to look due to the lighting, the staging of the actors, angles and shot size, which all contribute to help deepen the characters arcs during the shots. In visual mediums such as film, certain human characteristics, angles, and lighting setups are instantly recognizable as being evil, threatening, or dominating. A dramatic low angle looking up toward an imposing figure can heighten the vulnerability of the character who i s at the mercy of the larger figure. A low camera angle makes characters and objects seem tall and powerful. A high camera angle gives the characters a diminished feel (Vineyard 15). Where the camera is stationed, whose point of view is being expressed, the size of the shot, and the distances between the subjects of the scene can all add to the arrangement of those dramatic elements. The scene opens with an establishing extreme wide shot of the interior gantry and then cuts to tighter master shot with the tiny figure of Luke moving around the railing making his way to the control room. The location is established, but the basic relationship between the wide and medium close-up of cuts becomes clear, heightening our sense that Luke is in danger. The viewer is familiar with the contrast of large, over-empowering background environments that swallow the tiny figure of Luke.   Star Wars is overwhelmingly cut according to mainstream Hollywood convention (Brooker 51). The shots are scal ed to the subject matter within the frame, in this case, a tiny Luke and the wide-open vastness of the interior gantry. The gantry is filled with low key lighting, creating a mood of pessimism and menace, heightening the viewers sense of unease. The size of interior of the gantry and Luke relate to one another proportionately. The kinetic effect of the sequences of shots builds an emotion and a feeling of trepidation for the audience (Davies). By varying the shot size between the characters and the size of the characters frame within the shot we instantly have a visual recognition between good and evil. Vaders large exaggerated samurai mass is shot from a low angle looking up. Instantly we cut back to a reverse shot of Luke from high angle looking down.   At this stage Luke cannot win through sheer physical power or skills (Henderson 87). After Luke enters the control room, we immediately hear the sound of a lightsaber before we glimpse the source of the sound, which is Vaders weapon. Vader then quickly lunges toward Luke. Here, a sound cut contributes and becomes a main motivator of fear heightening the viewers sense of unease, adding to the atmosphere.   The lightsaber sound is heard before the cut is made, signaling the threat before we see it. We can also see, in Star Wars, the continuation of Lucass earliest experiment with sound layering (Brooker 59). It becomes an integral element to creating an atmosphere of danger (Henderson). The wind, the lightsabers, and Vaders breathing all create an unbalanced framing of ideas, and the low-key lighting and fast movement contribute to the threat. Lucas had Ben Burt create a collage of familiar sounds in new combinations, that like pieced-together props and scuffed costumes, gives the sense of dropping on a convincing, fully operational universe (Brooker 60). Vaders menace is eminent. Luke is lit by the low-key lighting, while Vaders dark silhouette, appearing like a demon, attacks Luke. The contrast between light and dark in the cinematography reflects the difference between the villain and the protagonist. Quickly, we cut to a montage using close up lenses and tight framing shots which produce a claustrophobic feeling of terror, pessimism, menace, and anxiety. The use of wide angle lenses would not provide the feeling of anxiety that is created here through the use of tight framing (Davies). As Vader forces Luke back toward the gantry we cut to a low angle reverse sho t. This expresses Vaders dominating dynamic advantage. These angles put the characters in an adversarial relationship. Vader forces Luke backward and the focal length of the lens is increased and focused on the foreground framing the subject, Luke. Luke is beaten. The dismemberment of the hero or god is another archetypical occurrence in ancient myths (Henderson 87). This shot emphasizes Vader as the dominant background figure who has taken part of the flesh of the hero, Lukes hand. Because the eye is drawn to the highest area of contrast, lighting is also used, much like in theater, to spotlight area of contrasts and pull the eye in the composition of each shot. The best use of spotlighting in the shots is to support the drama. Luke is in danger during the beginning of the sequence and the low-key lighting and deep shadows create a visually darker tone that heightens our sense of unease. After Luke nicks Vaders shoulder, Vaders armor shoots sparks and smoke, followed up with a sequence of shots consisting of only faceless dark figures fighting (Davies ) The intensity is increased through the use of silhouettes with only streaks of rim lighting to define the forms. The flashes from the lightsabers and sparks define Luke and Vader to create a dark and dramatic scene. Rim lighting causes the audience to see less, but imagine more. Rim lit shadows are usually associated with suspense and drama and add interest for the viewer.   Vaders overpowering shape as he war ns Luke you are beaten puts him in a privileged position because we can see what Luke cannot. As Vader follows a fallen Luke, the wind subsides and there is nowhere for Luke to go to. Vader has not been able not able dominate Luke, so he now tries to seduce him (Henderson 88) The audience is completely aware of the emotional state of the characters as they are clearly defined through the use of the lighting and the various mis en scene tools. Vader is tempting Luke to the dark side. The lighting cast upon them is used to exploit this theme and accentuates the emotion. Monochromatic rim lighting frames Luke and Vader in a way that supports the story. Empire is shot in similar fashion to film noir or a Gustuv Dore painting, who used value and dramatic spotlights to illuminate certain parts of a composition in order to emphasize key archetypical patterns (Polson). The biggest difference with illustrations is that the viewers have more time to spend with an illustration as opposed to fi lm in which case the viewer has only seconds with the image. Contrast is another important element that can be used in order for the emotion to be read quickly. Contrast in design, just like contrast of lighting, is extremely important (Polson). Contrast can make things seem more exaggerated than they are. For example, in an illustration, if an artist wishes to make something feel cool in the picture they may add a warm color to the image. If an artist wishes for something to feel soft like snow, then then he or she may add a jagged mountain in the background. Luke and Vader are contrasts by design. In order for Vader to feel imposing, dark, and powerful to the viewer, the filmmaker may contrast those attributes with Luke by making him look smaller and lighter in complexion.   The obvious idea is that one object or person is large while the other is smaller. The shot size or the size of the objects within the shot reflect this idea, as discussed in the previous paragraph.   Filmmakers and storytellers break the universe down into simple sy mbols to help communicate the themes.   Vaders physical appearance, with a large black flowing cape, faceless mask and helmet (inspired of the Japanese Samurai) creates a classic demon or animal like appearance (Vogler). Lukes appearance is fair, he has blonde hair and his costuming is white and dirty yellow. Vaders appearance was described by Lucas to artist Ralph McQuarrie as looking like a dark lord riding the wind (Henderson 88). In conclusion, while Star Wars represents a simplistic view of the conflict of light versus dark, the black and white morality with good guys, the verisimilitude or believability of the films is due in part to the way which certain visual elements have been arranged and function within the films composition.